1 a temporary government set up by the rebels in Upper Canada in 1838.
1838  Proclamation by William Lyon MacKenzie, Chairman pro tern of the Provisional Government of the State of Upper Canada.
1940  Taking refuge on Navy Island in the Niagara River after an unsuccessful attack on his home town, Mackenzie proclaimed a provisional government and hoisted a flag bearing two stars and a new moon.
2 a temporary government set up during the Red River Insurrection in 1870 by Louis Riel's New Nation.